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2.
Infectio ; 26(2): 189-192, Jan.-June 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356267

RESUMO

Resumen El molusco contagioso es una infección viral cutánea, usualmente benigna y autolimitada, causada por un virus del género Molluscipoxvirus. Es más frecuente en niños, adultos jóvenes sexualmente activos e inmunosuprimidos. La lesión clínica característica es una pápula umbilicada eucrómica o de tono perlado, que se disemina rápidamente y puede afectar cualquier superficie muco-cutánea, aunque la localización en los párpados es atípica. Se presentan dos casos de pacientes jóvenes inmunosuprimidos, con moluscos contagiosos palpebrales, en quienes el diagnóstico clínico inicial fue incorrecto. Se enfatiza la importancia de diagnosti car oportunamente las lesiones papulares que afectan la piel del párpado ya que la presencia de molusco contagioso en esta zona se considera una manifestación cutánea de inmunosupresión.


Abstract Molluscum contagiosum is a cutaneous viral infection, usually benign and self-limited, caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus, of the genus Molluscipoxvirus. It is more common in pediatric population, sexually active young people and immunosuppressed patients. Clinical presentation is characterized by umbilicated white to flesh-colored or pearly papules, which rapidly spread and can affect any muco-cutaneous membrane. Although the eyelid presentation is atypical, we herein present two young, immunosuppressed patients, with diagnosis of palpebral molluscum contagiosum, in which the initial clinical diagnosis was wrong. We emphasize the importance in making a timely diagnosis of papular lesions localized on the eyelids and the correlation of these lesions as a cutaneous manifestation of immunosuppression.

3.
Iatreia ; 34(4): 335-346, oct.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350833

RESUMO

RESUMEN El trauma punzante que genera un tatuaje altera la barrera física e inmunológica que proporciona la piel, con lo cual se favorece el ingreso de microorganismos patógenos y el riesgo de sufrir diferentes complicaciones infecciosas. Las condiciones en las que se realiza el tatuaje y el cumplimiento de las normas de bioseguridad son determinantes en prevenir este riesgo, sin embargo, se trata de una práctica de difícil vigilancia y control debido al vacío normativo existente. El auge de los tatuajes permanentes en la sociedad contemporánea se acompaña de un incremento en la frecuencia de sus complicaciones, que suelen ser leves y autoresolutivas, pero también pueden causar graves secuelas y poner en riesgo la salud del paciente tatuado. En la presente revisión se incluyen los principales aspectos normativos y epidemiológicos de los tatuajes, así como las manifestaciones dermatológicas de las infecciones asociadas, su clasificación etiológica y su aproximación diagnóstica y terapéutica.


SUMMARY Puncturing the skin with a tattoo needle damages the immunological and physical barrier. This facilitates the entry of pathogenic microorganisms and the risk of suffering infectious complications. The circumstances around the procedure, sanitary conditions and biosecurity standards are determinants of this risk; however, it is a practice with surveillance and control challenges due to the existing regulatory gap. Because of the significant rise in decorative tattoos among contemporary society, there has been an increase in complications, some are mild and usually resolve on their own, but there are others that leave sequelae and put the health of tattooed patient at risk. This review article includes main local tattooing regulations and epidemiological aspects, as well as dermatological manifestations of infections, their etiological classification, diagnostic and therapeutic approach.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pele , Tatuagem , Infecções
4.
Infectio ; 25(1): 11-15, ene.-mar. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1154395

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo: describir las características socio-demográficas, presentación clínica y condiciones extrínsecas que pueden favorecer el desarrollo de la pitiriasis versicolor. Material y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal y prospectivo, en el que se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y micológico de pitiriasis versicolor entre enero y diciembre de 2018, que asistieron al Hospital Universitario Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta. Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 42 pacientes con diagnóstico de pitiriasis versicolor confirmado por examen directo, el 62% fueron hombres con una edad promedio de 33 años. La localización más común fue el tórax anterior (68%) y posterior (65%), en fototipos III y IV (78.5%), con una tonalidad hipocrómica. El 28% presentaron cuadros recurrentes, con síntomas hasta 7 años antes de la consulta. El signo de Besnier fue positivo en el 95% de los casos. El 64% refirió antecedente personal de hiperhidrosis y el 67% practicaba algún deporte como buceo, natación o gimnasia. Discusión: la identificación de las condiciones extrínsecas presentes esta población permite orientar medidas de prevención para evitar recurrencias de pitiriasis versicolor. Los viajes a lugares de clima cálido y la práctica de deportes son factores que favorecen el desarrollo de la micosis. En las formas clínicas atípicas se sugiere realizar siempre el examen micológico directo para confirmar el diagnóstico. El signo de Besnier es una maniobra útil para el diagnóstico clínico de la pitiriasis versicolor, particularmente cuando el acceso al examen directo es limitado.


Abstract Objective: to describe the sociodemographic aspects, clinical presentation and extrinsic conditions that may increase the risk of developing pityriasis versicolor. Materials and methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective observational study was conducted. Patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of ptyriasis versicolor were included from january to december 2018 who attended to the Hospital Universitario Centro Dermatológico Federico Lleras Acosta. Results: a total of 42 patients were included in the study, all of them had confirmed mycological diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor. The most common location of the lesions was the anterior thorax (68%) and posterior thorax (65%), in III and IV phototypes (78.5%) with a hypochromic color. 28% had recurrent infection, with symptoms mean of 7 years before the consultation. The Besnier sign was positive in 95% of cases, 64% reported personal history of hyperhidrosis and 67% practiced some sports: diving, swimming and gymnastics. Discussion: recognizing extrinsic conditions that may increase the risk of developing pitiraisis versicolor in this population allows identifying control measures to prevent a relapse. The main factors involved in the development of pitiraisis versicolor were traveling to places with high temperatures and sport practice. In atypical clinical presentation it is mandatory to perform the mycological direct test to confirm the diagnosis. The Besnier sign is a useful method for the clinical diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor, particularly when access to direct examination is limited.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Tinha Versicolor , Sinais e Sintomas , Epidemiologia , Colômbia , Reinfecção , Hiperidrose , Malassezia , Micoses
5.
Iatreia ; 33(3): 239-250, jul.-set. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143075

RESUMO

RESUMEN Se estima que en Colombia hay 2.836.500 adultos con diabetes, una enfermedad con una prevalencia del 8,4 %. La exposición a niveles elevados de glucosa afecta los procesos de proliferación y diferenciación en las células de todos los órganos y tejidos, así mismo en los queratinocitos, fibroblastos y demás células presentes en la piel, alteraciones que ocurren en más de un tercio de los diabéticos y que pueden ser la manifestación inicial de la enfermedad. La frecuencia y presentación de estas dermatosis varía según la población estudiada. La dermopatía diabética, la acantosis nigricans, los fibromas laxos, el prurito y la xerosis son las formas más comunes y se consideran marcadores cutáneos de la diabetes. La presente revisión se enfoca en las manifestaciones dermatológicas específicas y no específicas de la diabetes, así como en las relacionadas con su tratamiento. Estas pueden ser un reflejo del estado metabólico actual o previo del paciente diabético y su oportuna identificación permite orientar el diagnóstico primario, sospechar un estado prediabético u optimizar el tratamiento de la enfermedad en los individuos ya diagnosticados.


SUMMARY It is estimated that in Colombia there are 2,836,500 adults with diabetes, and that the disease has a prevalence of 8.4%. Exposure to elevated glucose levels affects the processes of cell proliferation and cell differentiation in all organs and tissues, as well as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes and other cells present in the skin, alterations that occur in more than one third of diabetics and which may be the initial manifestation of the disease. The frequency and presentation of these dermatoses varies according to the population studied, with a pre-dominance of fungal and bacterial infections. Diabetic dermopathy, acanthosis nigricans, lax fibroids, pruritus and xerosis are also very frequent and are considered cutaneous markers of diabetes. This review focuses on the specific and non-specific dermatological manifestations of diabetes, as well as those related to its treatment. These manifestations can be a reflectionof the current or previous metabolic state of the diabetic patient and its timely identification allows guiding the primary diagnosis, to suspect a prediabetic state or to optimize the treatment of the disease in already diagnosed individuals.


Assuntos
Humanos , Dermatopatias , Diabetes Mellitus
6.
Cutis ; 96(2): 121-4, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26367750

RESUMO

Onychomatricoma is a subungual tumor that is clinically characterized by banded or diffuse thickening, yellowish discoloration, splinter hemorrhages, and transverse overcurvature of the nail plate. It is often and easily misdiagnosed because the condition is not well known and rarely has been described. We report the case of a 45-year-old man with a subungual tumor on the right index finger that fulfills the criteria of onychomatricoma.


Assuntos
Doenças da Unha/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dedos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Unha/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia
7.
Mycoses ; 57(5): 284-93, 2014 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24279435

RESUMO

Worldwide prevalence of non-dermatophyte mould onychomycosis has increased in recent years; however, available information on the topic is confusing and oftentimes contradictory, probably due to the small number of reported cases. The aim of this study was to determine and describe the aetiological agents, as well as the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of non-dermatophyte mould onychomycosis in a dermatology referral centre in Bogota, Colombia. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between January 2001 and December 2011 among patients who attend the National Institute of Dermatology with a confirmed diagnosis of onychomycosis by non-dermatophytes moulds. There were 317 confirmed cases of non-dermatophyte mould onychomycosis in 196 women and 121 men whose average age was 43 years. Twenty-seven per cent of them had a history of systemic disease. The habit of walking and showering barefoot was the major infection-related factor. Distal and lateral subungual presentation was the most common pattern of clinical presentation. The most frequent non-dermatophyte mould was Neoscytalidium dimidiatum followed by Fusarium spp. No relationship was observed with predisposing factors previously reported in the literature. Clinical features found in this population are indistinguishable from onychomycosis caused by dermatophytes. High prevalence of N. dimidiatum found here was in contrast to a large number of studies where other types of moulds predominate.


Assuntos
Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Onicomicose/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Dermatologia , Feminino , Fungos/classificação , Fungos/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Onicomicose/epidemiologia , Onicomicose/terapia , Prevalência , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Adulto Jovem
8.
Infectio ; 17(2): 106-110, ene.-jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-702377

RESUMO

Las piedras son infecciones fúngicas superficiales y asintomáticas frecuentes en los países tropicales, que se caracterizan por la presencia de nódulos a lo largo del tallo piloso. Sin embargo, la literatura publicada durante los últimos años es limitada y la taxonomía actual de sus agentes etiológicos es poco conocida. Se presenta un caso de piedra negra y otro de piedra blanca en dos mujeres colombianas inmunocompetentes con numerosas lesiones nodulares en su cabello que consultaron a un centro de referencia nacional en Bogotá, Colombia. A pesar de que las piedras fueron descritas y clasificadas desde el punto de vista clínico y microbiológico hace más de 100 años, aún se conoce poco sobre su historia, ecología, forma de transmisión, epidemiología y presentación clínica. Sin embargo, las diferencias que existen entre las dos micosis ayudan a orientar el diagnóstico clínico y fúngico.


Black piedra and white piedra are common superficial and asymptomatic fungal infections in tropical countries, characterized by the presence of hard nodules located along the hair shaft. However, in recent years literature on this topic has been limited and the current taxonomy of their etiologic agents is poorly understood. Here we report two cases of black piedra and white piedra in two immune competent Colombian women with numerous nodular lesions in their hair who visited a national reference center in Bogota, Colombia. Despite having been described and classified from a clinical and microbiological perspective more than 100 years ago, little is still known about the history, ecology, mode of transmission, epidemiology and clinical presentation of piedras. Nevertheless, the differences between the two mycoses help to orient clinical and fungal diagnoses.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Idoso , Piedra , Couro Cabeludo , Trichosporon , Infecções , Micoses
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